Conference Proceeding

Mathematics in Space and Applied Sciences (ICMSAS-2023)
ICMSAS-2023

Subject Area: Mathematics
Pages: 331
Published On: 03-Mar-2023
Online Since: 04-Mar-2023

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Author(s): Virender Pratap Singh, Narinder Singh, Sarita, Mukul, Manoj Kumar Dogra, Dinesh Pathak, Mahavir Singh

Email(s): kunwar.virender@gmail.com

Address: Virender Pratap Singh1*, Narinder Singh2, Sarita3, Mukul1, Manoj Kumar Dogra1, Dinesh Pathak4, Mahavir Singh5
1Department of Physics, Government Degree College, Barsar (Hamirpur), HP, India
2Department of Physics, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University, Mandi, HP, India
3Department of Botany, Safia College, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, MP, India
4Faculity in Physics, University of West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad, West Indies
5Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005, India
*Corresponding Author

Published In:   Conference Proceeding, Mathematics in Space and Applied Sciences (ICMSAS-2023)

Year of Publication:  March, 2023

Online since:  March 04, 2023

DOI:




The Future Solution for Environmental Issues responsible for Climate Change by Numerous Nanostructures: A review

 

Virender Pratap Singh1*, Narinder Singh2, Sarita3, Mukul1, Manoj Kumar Dogra1, Dinesh Pathak4, Mahavir Singh5

1Department of Physics, Government Degree College, Barsar (Hamirpur), HP, India

2Department of Physics, Sardar Vallabh Bhai Patel University, Mandi, HP, India

3Department of Botany, Safia College, Barkatullah University, Bhopal, MP, India

4Faculity in Physics, University of West Indies, St Augustine Campus, Trinidad, West Indies

5Department of Physics, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla 171005, India

*Corresponding Author E-mail: kunwar.virender@gmail.com

 

ABSTRACT:

Generally, for the removal of contaminants from diverse environmental media, environmental remediation primarily relies on the use of various technologies viz; adsorption, absorption, chemical reactions, photocatalysis, and filtering. Nowadays, emerging nanotechnology, especially magnetic nanomaterials are playing a vital role to handle these environmental issues. Because nanotechnology-based materials have a high surface-area-to-volume ratio, which typically results in increased reactivity, their improved characteristics and effectiveness make them particularly ideal for such operations. The first part of this review provides an overview of the various roles of nanotechnology in different sectors e.g., in medical sciences, in energy sector, defense sector, high density batteries, sensor’s technology, memory devices, radar, satellite and communication sector, food and water purification, fabric industries and computer technology step by step, but the second part emphasis on the utilizationof magnetic nanomaterials as a remedy for environmental contaminants.

 

KEYWORDS: Future Solution, Environmental Issues, Climate Change, Numerous Nanostructures.

 

INTRODUCTION:

Science, food systems, medicine, agriculture, and the environment could all benefit from nanotechnology. However, the use of nanotechnology may pose threats to the environment and human health, and it is critical to uncover these drawbacks before introducing the technology to the market. Globally, scientists are studying the toxicity and other ecological effects of several kinds of nanomaterials on the climate and environment. Climate change and global warming have evolved into our generation's meta-problem. Climate change and extreme weather events are anticipated to contribute to rising ocean levels, loss of sea ice, glacier shrinkage, crop failures, more intense heat waves, extinction of species, loss of arable cropland, and diminishing freshwater resources. Nanomaterials have an unavoidable environmental and ecological impact; as a result, it is critical to assess the potential risks that nanoparticles may pose to the environment to better understand these environmental consequences of nanotechnology.

 

Because of their versatile properties, such as extremely small size and large surface areas, nanomaterials are in high demand both technologically and commercially. Nanomaterials fall into three different groups shown in Fig.1 are namely natural, incidental, and engineered or artificially produced nanomaterials [1].

 

·       Natural nanomaterials – Viruses, magnetotactic bacteria, volcanic ash, ocean spray, and mineral composites are examples of natural nanomaterials that occur in our environment and can be found in living creatures and nature.

·       Incidental nanomaterials – They are also referred to as waste materials these nanomaterials are created as a result of industrial or natural processes such as combustion, such as cigarette smoke or fire. They appear in a natural and unforced manner.

·       Engineered nanomaterials – They are fabricated by humans with determined properties using chosen sizes and compositions. e.g., metals, semiconductors, metal oxides (ferrites), quantum dots, nanotubes, and nano clays.

 

Under the aggies of well-known basic methodologies, such as top-down or bottom-up approaches, various strategies have already been established to synthesize Engineered nanomaterials via either chemical root or physical route. The following are the numerous techniques: -Various chemical techniques such as Sol-gel, Co-precipitation, Hydrothermal Method, Reverse Micellar/ Microemulsion Methods, microwave techniques, sonochemical Process, and solvothermal methods are used to produce nanomaterials, whereas physical techniques such as Electron-deposition, Plasma Synthesis, Inert Gas Condensation, Arc discharge method, Laser ablation, Ball Milling, and Aerosol Technique are used to produce nanomaterials. Including X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis techniques, various electron microscopes, such as scanning electron microscopes (SEM), transmission electron microscopes (TEM), scanning tunneling microscopes (STM), atomic force microscopes (AFM), and field-effect scanning electron microscopes (FESEM), are designed to determine the morphology, shape, size, and flaws of nanomaterials We can analyze the tiniest biological specimens of proteins, cells, and DNA molecules using electron microscopes.

 

2. PRESENT SCENARIO OF ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS IN OUR SURROUNDINGS:

2.1 Role of Nanomaterials in Medical Science:

Nanomaterials are expected to have the greatest impact on the healthcare industry. This prediction is based on the fact that biological structures are now within the size of range that scientists can alter and control. In the field of nanomedicines, the first voice to be heard is that of the illustrious 'There are lots of chambers at the bottom', said Richard P. Feynman in 1959, proposing that machine tools can build smaller machine tools, which can make even smaller machine tools, and so on until the tools are of molecular scale. He also stated that these machine tools may be used to make a large number of ultra-small computers, micro and nanoscale robots, and medical equipment that could act as microscopic surgeons. He was the first person to propose a nanorobotic approach for curing cardiac disease. After two decades, E. Eric Drexler, a research fellow at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States, presented a technical paper in 1981 claiming that it would be possible to build nanodevices from biological parts that could check and repair human cells. Because nanomaterials have a size that is close to that of most biological molecules and structures, they can be used in both in vivo and in vitro biomedical research and applications. Nanotechnology can aid in tissue reproduction and repair. The amount of an antibody-nanoparticle complex that accumulates selectively in the brain has been measured using imaging technologies created by researchers. Because of their ability to respond to external magnetic fields, magnetic NPs are utilized as MRI agents [2]. This allows for the development of cutting-edge applications in protein and cell modification. Theranostics (i.e., combined therapy and diagnosis) applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide NPs (SPIONs) have gotten a lot of interest [3]. Gold nanoparticles can be used to identify Alzheimer's disease in its early stages. Molecular imaging is utilized for early detection, and sensitive biosensors made of nanoscale components (e.g., nanocantilevers, nanowires, and nanochannels) can distinguish genetic and molecular processes and report them, allowing for the identification of uncommon molecular signals linked to cancer. Multifunctional therapies in which a nanoparticle serves as a platform for targeting of cancer cells and administration of an effective treatment while reducingdamage to healthy tissues. Because its directional movement corresponds to blood flow due to the presence of a polymer coating (e.g., dextran), SPIONs are used in targeted disease delivery by applying an external magnetic force [4]. Targeted drug delivery is a means of administering medication to a patient in such a way that the medication concentration in some sections of the body is higher than in others. Longer-lasting medical implants, such as orthopedic implants and heart valves, are currently constructed of titanium and steel alloys, which are biocompatible and utilized in humans. They're biocompatible, therefore they're a good choice. Because such materials are relatively impermeable to human tissue, human tissues do not permeate the implants, lowering their effectiveness.

 




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Author/Editor Information

Dr. Sanjay Kango

Department of Mathematics, Neta Ji Subhash Chander Bose Memorial, Government Post Graduate College, Hamirpur Himachal Pradesh-177 005, INDIA